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41.
42.
基于我国粮食价格与化肥价格变动趋势的分析,运用2006年~2017年省际动态面板数据模型和系统GMM方法,实证检验了化肥价格变动对粮食价格的影响。结果表明:化肥价格变动对粮食价格存在显著的正向影响,在考虑化肥价格影响下,农业生产服务、种子等农资价格对粮食价格也存在显著的正向影响,机械化农具和农药价格对粮食价格不显著,"价补分离"政策对粮食价格存在显著负向影响。因此,在化肥减量行动背景下,适度调控化肥价格,避免化肥价格上升挤占粮农利润,大力发展农业生产性服务业和种子业,继续实行"价补分离"政策,提高补贴精准性,减少农民投入成本。 相似文献
43.
针对传统子空间算法需要进行特征值分解或奇异值分解等复杂计算的问题,提出一种双平行线阵(Double Parallel Linear Array,DPLA)的快速一维波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计算法。算法通过处理互协方差矩阵的第一列元素构造出等效的噪声子空间,再通过求根MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification)算法得到DOA估计,有效避开了特征值分解或奇异值分解,降低了计算复杂度,提高了运算速度。仿真结果表明,该算法在提高了估计精度的同时减少了估计时间。 相似文献
44.
45.
Bahadır Yüzbaşı Mohammad Arashi S. Ejaz Ahmed 《Revue internationale de statistique》2020,88(1):229-251
In this study, we suggest pretest and shrinkage methods based on the generalised ridge regression estimation that is suitable for both multicollinear and high-dimensional problems. We review and develop theoretical results for some of the shrinkage estimators. The relative performance of the shrinkage estimators to some penalty methods is compared and assessed by both simulation and real-data analysis. We show that the suggested methods can be accounted as good competitors to regularisation techniques, by means of a mean squared error of estimation and prediction error. A thorough comparison of pretest and shrinkage estimators based on the maximum likelihood method to the penalty methods. In this paper, we extend the comparison outlined in his work using the least squares method for the generalised ridge regression. 相似文献
46.
Jonathan Wakefield Taylor Okonek Jon Pedersen 《Revue internationale de statistique》2020,88(2):398-418
Small area estimation (SAE) entails estimating characteristics of interest for domains, often geographical areas, in which there may be few or no samples available. SAE has a long history and a wide variety of methods have been suggested, from a bewildering range of philosophical standpoints. We describe design-based and model-based approaches and models that are specified at the area level and at the unit level, focusing on health applications and fully Bayesian spatial models. The use of auxiliary information is a key ingredient for successful inference when response data are sparse, and we discuss a number of approaches that allow the inclusion of covariate data. SAE for HIV prevalence, using data collected from a Demographic Health Survey in Malawi in 2015–2016, is used to illustrate a number of techniques. The potential use of SAE techniques for outcomes related to coronavirus disease 2019 is discussed. 相似文献
47.
《Economic Systems》2020,44(4):100780
This study examines the role of economic governance in the relationship between public spending, private investment, and economic growth in Vietnam at the provincial level. The study data consist of sixty-two Vietnamese provinces for the period 2006–2015. Some notable results are attained by applying a sequential (two-stage) estimation. First, the marginal benefits to economic growth of increased Vietnamese provincial government expenditures may be constrained because of the inefficiency of expenditures on education, business services, and public administration. Second, public spending and private investment are found to be substitutes at the provincial level. Third, based on the Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI) ranking, used as a proxy for provincial public governance in Vietnam, the significance of public governance can be observed. The study concludes that good governance, characterized by different attributes, such as lower informal charges, greater transparency, and unbiased policy, plays a critical role in improving the impact of government expenditure on economic growth in Vietnamese provinces, particularly through its interactions with private sector investment. 相似文献
48.
Tülin Erdem Kannan Srinivasan Wilfred Amaldoss Patrick Bajari Hai Che Teck Ho Wes Hutchinson Michael Katz Michael Keane Robert Meyer Peter Reiss 《Marketing Letters》2005,16(3-4):225-237
We explore issues in theory-driven choice modeling by focusing on partial-equilibrium models of dynamic structural demand
with forward-looking decision-makers, full equilibrium models that integrate the supply side, integration of bounded rationality
in dynamic structural models of choice and public policy implications of these models. 相似文献
49.
Bridge,Focus, Attack,or Stimulate: Retail Category Management Strategies with a Store Brand 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We investigate a monopolist retailer's category management strategy where the main strategic decisions are how to horizontally
position a store brand relative to the incumbent national brands and how to price the store and national brands for retail
category profit maximization. We analyze a market composed of two consumer segments with differing tastes and heterogeneity
with respect to willingness to pay and a product category consisting of two competing national brands and one store brand.
We find that contrary to the existing literature, it is not always optimal for a retailer to position its store brand against
the leading national brand; instead there are many situations where it is best to position the store brand close to the weaker
national brand or to position it in the “middle” so it appeals to both national brands' target segments. In the process we
identify four distinct category management strategies that a retailer can use with a store brand. In three of these the optimal
store brand price is the brand's monopoly price, while in the remaining one strategy the price is lower. We also suggest an
easy to implement means for a retailer to determine which strategy is best to use, depending on the particular competitive
environment present before the introduction of the store brand and the relative quality of the store brand. We find that the
store brand entry is most beneficial to the retailer when the national brands are moderately differentiated. Finally we show
that introducing a store brand not only allows the retailer to garner a higher share of the channel profits through higher
retail margins, but also often provides the retailer the benefit of increases in national brand unit sales as well as incremental
sales from the store brand.
JEL Classification: M310 相似文献
50.
DIFFUSION MODELS FOR EXCHANGE RATES IN A TARGET ZONE 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We present two analytically tractable diffusion models for an exchange rate in a target zone. One model generalizes a model proposed by De Jong, Drost, and Werker (2001) to allow asymmetry between the currencies which is often an important feature of data. Estimation of the model parameters by the method of Kessler and Sørensen (1999) using eigenfunctions of the generator is investigated and shown to give well-behaved estimators that are easy to calculate. The method is well suited to the models because the eigenfunctions are known so that explicit estimating functions are obtained, and because the state space is a finite interval, for which it is known that the method can be made arbitrarily efficient by including sufficiently many eigenfunctions. The model fits data on exchange rates in the European Monetary System well. In particular, the asymmetry parameter is significantly different from zero for three out of four currencies. An alternative diffusion model is presented with similarly nice properties, but with different dynamics that allow constant volatility near the boundaries of the target zone. No-arbitrage pricing of derivative assets is considered, and the effect of realignments is briefly discussed. 相似文献